What is Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)?

What is Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)?

Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based therapeutic approach that combines elements of Mindfulness and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) to help individuals manage intense emotions and develop healthier coping mechanisms. Originally developed by Dr. Marsha Linehan, DBT was designed to treat individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and those experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviours. Over time, its applications have expanded, and DBT is now used to effectively support people facing a range of mental health challenges, including Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression, eating disorders, substance use issues, and emotional dysregulation.

DBT is especially valuable for those struggling with overwhelming emotions, self-harm, or other unhelpful coping patterns. It provides practical tools for managing distress and improving emotional and interpersonal functioning, helping individuals lead more balanced and fulfilling lives.

How Does DBT Work?

Traditionally, DBT treatment includes both individual therapy sessions and group skills training on a weekly basis. This dual approach has been shown to provide comprehensive support, allowing clients to apply skills learned in group settings to their personal experiences in individual therapy. However, not everyone is able to commit to group therapy, and DBT-informed individual therapy can also be highly beneficial. In individual DBT therapy, you work with your clinician to set personalised goals and focus on specific behaviours or emotions that need to be managed.

Core Components of DBT

DBT is structured around four key skill areas, each designed to target specific challenges:

1. Mindfulness: This skill helps individuals become more aware of their thoughts, emotions, and actions in the present moment, promoting acceptance and reducing impulsivity.
2. Distress Tolerance: These skills provide strategies for handling difficult or painful situations without resorting to harmful coping mechanisms, fostering resilience in times of crisis.
3. Emotional Regulation: DBT teaches tools for understanding and managing intense emotions, enabling individuals to reduce emotional extremes and react more calmly.
4. Interpersonal Effectiveness: This component focuses on enhancing communication and relationship skills, helping individuals assert their needs and manage conflicts in a healthy way.

These skills can be learned in group programs or in individual sessions, depending on your specific needs and therapy goals.

Is DBT Right for You?

DBT may be a suitable approach if you experience challenges with emotional regulation, self-destructive behaviours, or if other forms of therapy have not fully addressed your needs. Talking to your GP or psychologist can help determine if DBT is the best fit for your therapeutic journey. Together, you can explore whether a structured DBT program or DBT-informed individual therapy might be beneficial for your personal growth and well-being.